The Himalayan mountain range stretches across five countries and harbours an astonishing diversity of flora and fauna. Despite its harsh climate and extreme altitude, the Himalayas are home to some of the most iconic wildlife on Earth.
Snow Leopard Country: Ladakh
The snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is one of the rarest big cats in the world with an estimated global population of just 4,500 to 6,500 individuals. The Hemis National Park in Ladakh, the largest national park in India, is one of the best places on Earth to spot these elusive cats. The best time for sightings is January to March when snow leopards descend to lower altitudes following their prey, the blue sheep (bharal).
Red Panda Habitat: Singalila Ridge, Sikkim
The red panda (Ailurus fulgens), the original panda, inhabits the temperate forests of the eastern Himalayas between 2,200 and 4,800 metres elevation. Singalila National Park on the Singalila Ridge bordering West Bengal and Nepal offers the best chance of sightings. October to December when red pandas are most active in searching for bamboo shoots and berries is the ideal season.
The Himalayan Vultures
The Himalayan region is home to some of the world most impressive raptors. The Himalayan Griffon Vulture, with a wingspan of up to 2.7 metres, rides thermal columns high above the valleys. Lammergeier (Bearded Vulture) with their rusty-orange plumage and habit of dropping bones from great heights to access the marrow inside are extraordinary to witness.
Planning a Himalayan Wildlife Trip
Work with specialist wildlife tour operators who employ local naturalists. Altitude acclimatisation is essential before venturing into high-altitude wildlife zones. Binoculars (8x42 or 10x42) and a good telephoto lens (400mm or longer) are essential equipment. Patience is the single most important quality a wildlife observer can bring.